Organ Donation Essays - Organ Donation, Medical Ethics, Free Essays

Organ Donation Essays - Organ Donation, Medical Ethics, Free Essays Organ Donation Organ donation is a topic which contains many conflicting views. To some of the public population organ donation is a genuine way of saving the life of another, to some it is mistrusted and to others it is not fully understood. There are some techniques that can be used to increase donation. Of these techniques the most crucial would be being educated. If the life threatening and the critical shortage of organs was fully understood by the public, organ donation would more likely be on the rise. An effort is needed throughout the world to make people aware of the benefits this process contains. Advances in medical technology have made it possible to save someone?s life by a process of organ donation. However, the scarcity of available organs is bringing the beneficial process down. By becoming an organ donor, people engage in improving someone else?s life at no cost. Although the question of religious or moral cost comes into effect, virtually there is no physical cost of becoming an organ donor. Organ donation should be seen as the "gift of life" but there are not enough logical explanations to explain this phrase. Whether people are donors, non-donors or recipients, all the public should be aware that organ donation is for the common welfare. Organ Donation-Why People Become Donors The main reason an individual becomes an organ donor is to give someone the "gift of life." By giving someone this privilege a person feels they are adding to another person?s life. Some reasons people give this gift is simply from having a kind heart, they may find the other person?s use for the organ more important than their need or maybe just because they just have no use for the organ. In certain circumstances a family will give consent of a deceased one?s organ in hope of easing their pain and sorrow. They feel by aiding in another life it will take some of their grief away. Organ donors compared to non-donors seem to be highly motivated and a bit more medically sophisticated. Those individuals who decide to become organ donors are those in our population who are willing to better other?s life. Organ Donation-Why People Do Not Become Donors Organ donation to some people is not the "gift of life," but "dying not whole." Religious aspects play a big role in why people don?t become donors, despite the fact that all major religious support organ donation to save lives. Moral beliefs also play into this issue regardless of religion. Several non-donors feel that physicians will terminate life support if they are aware of their wishes to be a donor. Another reason people chose not to become donors is they do not have enough knowledge on the topic. Those who are not donors tend to seem more suspicious and distrustful. Many non-donors have an overall mistrust of the medical community. Non-donors simply mistrust the organ donation system. They have mistrust for the system in regards to physicians and who physicians will award an organ to. Organ Donation-Public Education Needed For organ donation to increase, efforts must be directed to those who are not convinced that donation is for the common welfare. One way to increase organ donation is for physicians to educate their patients better regarding the benefits and success of transplantation. Public education about organ donation and volunteering for donation is needed. There should be more investments in public education programs to promote the idea of organ donation. Neither donors or non-donors have enough knowledge on this topic. Currently in the U.S. an effort to educate the public is underway. This effort is referred to as the Coalition on Donation and Advertising Council. The goal of this coalition is to ensure every individual in the U.S. understands the need for organ donation and accepts it as a human responsibility. Organ Donation-Ways to Increase Awareness organ donation is in serious need for more participants. Medical technology has made it possible to give people a second chance at life and our public population is bringing this chance down. Educational efforts remain most important to increase the success of donation. The public needs to recognize the benefits of such a process. The role of a family must also improve. Although families have the authority to refuse

A Definition of Speech Community in Sociolinguistics

A Definition of Speech Community in Sociolinguistics Speech community is a term in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology used to describe a group of people who share the same language,  speech  characteristics, and ways of interpreting communication. Speech communities may be large regions like an urban area with a common, distinct accent (think of Boston with its dropped rs) or small units like families and friends (think of a nickname for a sibling). They help people define themselves as individuals and community members and identify (or misidentify) others. Speech and Identity The concept of speech as a means of identifying with a community first emerged in 1960s  academia alongside other new fields of research like ethnic and gender studies. Linguists like John Gumperz pioneered research in how personal interaction can influence ways of speaking and interpreting, while Noam Chomsky studied how people interpret language and derive meaning from what they see and hear. Types of Communities Speech communities can be large or small, although linguists dont agree on how theyre defined. Some, like linguist  Muriel Saville-Troike, argue that its logical to assume that a shared language like English, which is spoken throughout the world, is a speech community.  But she differentiates between hard-shelled communities, which tend to be insular and intimate, like a family or religious sect, and soft-shelled communities where there is a lot of interaction. But other linguists say a common language is too vague to be considered a true speech community. The linguistic anthropologist  Zdenek Salzmann describes it this way: [P]eople who speak the same language are not always members of the same  speech community. On the one hand, speakers of South Asian English in India and Pakistan share a language with citizens of the U.S., but the respective varieties of English and the rules for speaking them are sufficiently distinct to assign the two populations to different speech communities... Instead, Salzman and others say, speech communities should be more narrowly defined based on characteristics such as pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and manner of speaking. Study and Research The concept of speech community plays a role in a number of social science, namely sociology, anthropology, linguists, even psychology. People who study issues of migration and ethnic identity use social community theory to study things like how immigrants assimilate into larger societies, for instance. Academics who focus on racial, ethnic, sexual​ or gender issues apply social community theory when they study issues of personal identity and politics. It also plays a role in data collection. By being aware of how communities are defined, researchers can adjust their subject pools in order to obtain representative sample populations. Sources Morgan,  Marcyliena H. What Are Speech Communities? Cambridge University Press, 2014.Salzmann,  Zdenek. Language, Culture, and Society: An Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology. Westview, 2004Saville-Troike, Muriel. The Ethnography of Communication: An Introduction, 3rd ed. Blackwell, 2003.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 37

Assignment Example Engineering controls also address toxicological contaminants at the workplace environment through measures such as isolation, design or change processes, local suppression, and ventilation. Isolation advocates for the segregation of hazardous processes and equipment into separate rooms or areas to reduce contamination of the entire workplace. Design or change of processes requires simple considerations or modifications that can significantly improve the conditions of the product, such as packaging or grouping. Local suppression include strategies such as wetting or palletizing of dusty materials, as well as blanketing of toxic liquids, such as using damp mopping in contaminated or dusty areas. Ventilation is very instrumental in controlling airborne hazards, which occur in the form of vapours, fumes, gases, mists, dusts, and fibres (Dever, 2006). Work practices and hygiene practices work as supplementary strategies to engineering controls. As such, they represent on job activities geared at reducing the potential exposure to the toxic substances, such as preventive maintenance of equipment, posting warning signs, as well as labeling hazardous materials. Personal protective devices includes strategies such as wearing protective glasses or goggles, face shields, skin creams, protective clothing such as laboratory coats and gloves, and respirators. This strategy works best on condition that the choice made is the proper type, and there being the provision of an adequate maintenance program for the equipment. A fifth strategy entails undertaking safe practices and emergency provisions. According to Fine & Fos (2012), this includes steps such as leak and chemical spill procedures, which require sweeping solid contaminants into a container, or neutralizing contaminant liquids. It also provides the necessary steps to undertake in waste disposals, as well as the requirements

Dilemma in Field Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dilemma in Field Work - Essay Example If Cash accepts, Jordan should try and collect the required data from the area Cash was assigned and try to compare them with the Cash’s computed data. If the date comparison seems to be correct, Cash should steal be reported to the head of the department to be fired from the project. Citing article 2b of the Principles of Professional Responsibility; that is, given that the project was to have direct public application policy formulation, Cash had neglected his duty to the project as well as to the public. Article 2b states that â€Å"an anthropologist should not knowingly falsify or color his findings"(Cassell & Jacobs, pp. 34). If Cash is not fired because of the similarity on the data collected by him and those collected by Jordan, Jordan should develop arrange for database verification in Cash’s region. Two students should be hired who will interview all information reported by Cash. These interviews results will be stored in a separate file until the completion of the projects field portion. At the analysis time, the data collected by Cash will be compared to that collected by the students in the same region. If there would be a difference in the two data, this will be an indication of falsified data by Cash. The student’s data will be used to replace Cash’s one and he would be requested to return all the payment made to him which he won’t reject as there is enough evidence to support that. Once the situation had developed, Smith had little recourses. The direct argument with the adviser was not the best option. Chances were high that he may just laugh at Smith knowing that there was no proof to support that. The adviser is one of the staffs in the university, getting of support for Smith from the department could be tough. This is because this will portray the department as having being involved in plagiarism.  

Examine the ways Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Essay Example for Free

Examine the ways Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Essay Examine the ways Sir Arthur Conan Doyle adds a sense of mystery and suspense to the typical detective story in the sign of four. (Write about the mysterious nature of the plot. The exotic nature of the settings, the variety of personalities involved in the story on both major and minor level. The personalities of Holmes and Watson. The way late Victorian society and its attitudes are depicted. Your own response to the book. ) Sir Arthur Conan Doyle starts the mystery off in the book straight away by just naming the book The Sign of Four, this encourages the reader to open and start reading the book. He creates suspense in the book by not including us in the crime in the first chapter, which differs from the normal detective story; he chooses to settle you in to the story by introducing you to the characters in the story. We find out that many people respect Holmes. Mr. Sherlock Holmes- he began; but the words seem to have a magical effect, for the window instantly slammed shut, and within a minute the door was open. And A friend of Sherlock Holmes is always welcome, When the author does enter Holmes and Watson in to the crime; he creates suspense by constantly solving bits of the puzzle, and introducing new problems. This also keeps the reader interested in the novel. Doyle indulges us in the novel by letting us see the story unfold from Watsons view; this doesnt let us know what Holmes is thinking, and keeps us guessing, Have u read your Jean-Paul. This again differs from the typical detective novel, thus increasing the suspense. Another way Doyle adds mystery to the book is the way he leaves the end of chapters at cliffhangers The little man obeyed in a half-stupefied fashion, and we heard him stumbling down the stairs in the dark. The typical Who done it? Is not present in the Sign of four adding mystery around the crime. The reader finds out who committed the crime half way through the novel, differing from the normal rounding up of suspects in to one room and explaining the motive, chain of events and finally the guilty party. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle differs from the norm with a very relaxed detective, Sherlock Holmes and I blankly looked at each other and then burst simultaneously into an uncontrollably fit of laughter. When they do find the right trail, they find that the criminals are intelligent. We are out of luck, said Holmes. They have taken a boat here. Suspense is increased at this point, as the women knew that a man with a wooden leg came and hired a boat late at night. I dont like that wooden legged man, In the first chapter the author establishes a social hierarchy; this differs from the social hierarchy of today. In the 19th Century the rich gentleman (non-working) were considered higher in status and intelligence than doctors or teachers which today would be considered higher in society than the gentleman. This attitude is reflected in Sherlock Holmes. He is a gentleman that is egotistical, misogynist and vain, yet he is always right. His knowledge is referred to at the start of the book when he is casually taking drugs. Again differing from the typical detective novel as usually you would not associate the hero, with being a drug taker showing differences in 19th century society to nowadays. He smiled at my vehemence. Perhaps you are right, Watson, As u can see Holmes is condescending Watson in the previous quote, showing the difference in society, as we would probably listen to a doctor if he told us something was bad. His intelligence shows again when he produces a likely (correct) storyline. The most obvious difference in society from the 19th century is that the language has changed, sentences are said in different orders and words have evolved (e. g. from thus to that). Watson is put in the Sherlock Holmes mysteries so the reader can relate to someone in the book. The reader relates to Watson because he finds out clues or puzzles the same time we do, he also finds out what Holmes is thinking when we do because Doyle chose to have a narrator involved in the story. This allows us to relate well. Watson is a very clever person making the reader relate even better as many people would not think of themselves as stupid. Watson has a personality which is a very calm, respectful, caring and modest. He never questions Holmes but is always mindful of what he is doing and obviously shows great respect for him: He did not seem offended. On the contrary, he put his fingers together, leaned forward on his chair like one who relishes conversation. Miss Morstan is the typical 19th Century Woman. Very frail, angelic woman needed to be protected by a strong man (Watson). Nowadays we would not see women as frail or angelic they are presumed competent to look after them selves. Doyle having lived in the 19th Century does not hold that opinion of women although unusually places a women at the center of the story. She, having lived in a boarding school since she was seventeen sees Watson as a Father figure and her feelings towards him grow stronger, and they eventually marry at the end of the book. The other characters of this story include Thaddeus Sholto, Athenly Jones and Jonathon Small. Thaddeus Sholto is a bizarre looking, bald man. He is often nervous as he has bodyguards who surprisingly are Indian. When he is first introduced in to the story he is wearing Indian clothing and smokes from a Hookah, his house is decorated in a typically Indian manner, he is a stereotypical hypochondriac and trusts no-one. Many 19th Century people thought that it was the best gift to be English, and people who chose to be or act a different way were considered to be mad. We nowadays would not think of foreigners as crazy unless we had met them, and got to know them well, this is associated with physiognomy, as people in the 19th Century firmly believed that they could tell if someone was bad by their facial features. He also has a great sense of moral value and respect. Athenly Jones is normally one of the people who deals with the more trivial cases in the world and only crosses paths with Holmes when he is perplexed. When Gregson, Lestrade or Jones are out of their depths, the matter is laid before me. When they first encounter each other Jones has a hint of envy in his voice. You lectured us on the Bishopgate Jewell case. He is obviously a man who does not like to be bettered and does not appear to have the same amount of respect and awe around Sherlock Holmes. We are told that Jonathon Small is, A poorly educated man, small, active, with his right leg off, and he wears a wooden stump. And He is middle aged, sunburnt, and an ex-convict. This quote in the 19th Century due to there attitudes on Physiognomy would make the readers think that he was a man to be wary of, and not trust. In the book Small is represented in a resentful, unkind manner; and is portrayed as a man who has led a hard and tiring life only wanting justification for his life, receiving what is rightfully his. Going back to the Physiognomy theory a controversial book was published in 1869 called The Origin of the Species. It followed the widely accepted theory of physiognomy. It made people believe that black people or savages were less evolutionally developed than they were. So Smalls accomplice from the Andaman Islands was viewed as a savage as well as being part of the smallest (height-wise) race on the earth. Being that they were fierce, morose intractable people, with distorted features. However this view was wrong and when you became loyal friends, they were loyal back. In the 19th Century many children did not attend school, either through poverty or theyre parents did not want them to go. They were left wandering the streets earning cheap money by doing errands. Sherlock Holmes refers to them as, His dirty little Lieutenants. He refers to them when he and Watson are hot on the trail of the Small and his accomplish. I enjoyed this book as it differs greatly from the normal detective novels creating suspense, mystery and anxiety. The way Sir Arthur Conan Doyle structured this book was very well done and deserves great praise, it kept me interested all the way through and surprised me one or two times as well. This after all did not conform to my original preconceptions of the book.

jennie Finch Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"You play like a girl!† used to be one of baseball’s classic insults. Not anymore. Softball diva Jennie Finch has made it cool to not only throw like a girl, but to run, field and hit like one, too. Not since Babe Ruth has a player dominated so completely from the pitching rubber and the batter’s box, and she even gives the Bambino a run for his money in the charisma department. Jennie has also accomplished something Ruth never could: She is showing the boys it’s okay to be one of the girls. This is her story†¦ GROWING UP Jennie Finch was born on September 3, 1980, in La Mirada, California. Jennie’s parents, Doug and Bev, already had two boys, Shane and Landon. Both loved baseball and played competitively, but it wasn’t until Jennie took up the game that the family really got serious about it. La Mirada offered organized ball on a year-round basis. Jennie joined her first league, L’il Miss T-Ball, after her fifth birthday. She was one of those kids who excelled at a number of sports, but her greatest love was always for baseball. Bev and Doug soon began channeling this passion almost exclusively into girls’ softball. Their daughter had good hand-eye coordination and excellent speed. But it was her arm that opened the most eyes. During winter vacation in Iowa one year, she celebrated her first snowfall by packing a snowball and literally heaving it out of sight. Jennie’s hometown was also close to Dodger Stadium, where the Finches had season tickets on the third-base line. Bev, the baseball nut in the family, listened to Vin Scully on a pair of headphones while she took in the action. As soon as Jennie was old enough, she began accompanying her mom to Chavez Ravine, bleeding Dodger blue and rooting for heroes like Kirk Gibson, whose dramatic homer sparked LA to a World Series title a few weeks after Jennie’s eighth birthday. Doug did whatever he could to accelerate his daughter’s progress. He constructed a batting cage in the backyard, and hired a fast-pitch instructor for Jennie. Later, he transformed a small trampoline into a pitch-back she could use on evenings when he worked late. As Jennie improved, her dad immersed himself in softball and became her personal coach. By the time she turned nine, she was playing for a 10-and-under traveling all-star team. Every weekend was spent at a different diamond somewhere in suburban Southern California. ... ...itter, smart baserunner and, of course, an overpowering pitcher. Her instincts are remarkable, too. Her mom and dad can share some of the credit for Jennie’s talent. Doug helped her develop many of her skills, while Bev passed along her feel for the game. Jennie’s work ethic and competitive fire are all hers. As a pitcher, Jennie has few peers. She has five pitches—rise-ball, curveball, screwball, drop-ball and changeup—and can throw all with great control. Jennie regularly hits 70 mph on the radar gun, which from 46 feet is comparable to a Nolan Ryan fastball—with a lot more movement. One the keys to her success is the ability to deliver her changeup with the same arm speed as her hard stuff. Intimidation is another weapon. Some hitters (including a few big leaguers) are actually scared to stand in the batter’s box against her. Despite all of her individual press clippings, Jennie has always been a loyal, team-first player. Winning is her only concern on the field and in the dugout, and those she plays with respect her immensely. They also genuinely like her. Jennie can be a talk-it-up leader or a quiet foot soldier who does her job. Her record as a winner speaks for itself.

Personal development Essay

Personal development and success are often, if not usually, tied up with a successful and satisfying career or careers. This means that career development is a key element to a self improvement program, whether for an adult or young student; even for a mature student. Do you agree or disagree? Why?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Career development is a key, if not central part of every individual’s growth. It is an aspect of humanity which should necessarily follow and apply where ‘growth’ and ‘development’ of a person is concerned. I believe it holds great significance to an individual not only because it defines the individual’s identity in terms of where he or she stands in society, but because it will also influence and perhaps dictate an individual’s personal or private life to the detriment or development of it. Career development should then be pursued if one is expected to grow holistically and lead a satisfying life. Is it important to have particular strengths and skills in a particular career or is destiny more important?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both are important in every aspect of life, but more so in every career. Having particular strengths and skills and working hard in honing them is important in school, the workplace, and the rest of society. Opportunities and fortunate turn of events which work to our advantage are also important, and should be acted upon, but jumping in an endeavor without the proper skills and aforementioned strengths can only bring people so far, or not bring them anywhere at all. Strength and skills, as well as the instance of good fortune holds great significance in every career, and contribute to its development. Do you feel most people are stressed and unhappy with their jobs? Why do you think so many people work at jobs they really have no interest in and/or may actually hate?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ‘Work’ isn’t supposed to be fun, at least not conventionally. People do what they can to get by, to earn tax dollars and involve themselves in the dreary drag of work they dislike or even hate, day in and day out in the hopes of finding a more satisfying and fulfilling job, to retire young, and enjoy the rest of what life has to offer. Unfortunately most of us get caught in ‘transitional’ jobs which we end up doing for the greater extent

Joseph Campbell’s analysis of Myth Essay

What is a myth? This question-and the vast concepts that go along with it-doesn’t come up very often, if at all. Perhaps this is due to the fact that myths are not popularly observed in depth; therefore, the answer to such a simply-put, yet broad question usually doesn’t exceed a standard myth’s generalities. Most people will conclude that a myth is fiction and neglect to realize that the overall definition goes far beyond that. According to Joseph Campbell, neither a myth nor the hero’s story from within the myth is manufactured by its author; moreover, a myth is a collective and unconscious exploitation of the mind in which it dwells. It thrives off of representations and ideas from within the mind of the author, who unconsciously desires such happenings in reality. Campbell’s reference to the unconscious is similar to that of Sigmond Freud’s, who has referred to the unconscious time and time again. He stated that the unconscious is what our memory cannot retain; for instance, they are things we dream of, or memories that we may forget. With that in mind, the myth comes into play. Campbell states that myths are primarily based on the hero and his journey. He goes on to say that the hero’s journey consists of three parts: his retreat from the world, trials and victories he makes along the way, and his return. Some may disagree with this idea, convinced that Campbell holds the belief that all myths are the same. However, that disagreement is a mere misunderstanding of Campbell’s explanation, which is not that myths are exactly alike, but that their general construction follows the same idea. Even with that clarification, still, some may wonder if there is true evidence that myths solely rely on the journey. Without a doubt, any myth could promptly defend Campbell’s theory, but two that most prominently demonstrate the truth behind his perception are the stories Ramayana and Yeelen. As Campbell concludes, the journey of a hero begins with his first mission: retreating from the world. When Campbell says this, he means that this is the phase where the hero begins to put emphasis on his internal motives instead of his external motives. Rama’s retreat begins in in Ramayana when he is banished from the kingdom by his stepmother. Rama is the oldest of his siblings, so he is destined to become king once his father’s reign comes to  an end. However, Rama’s stepmother does not accept this unwritten rule; she wants to see her son, Bharata, (one of Rama’s brothers) take the throne. She recalls that prior to coming upon this desire, the king promised to grant her two wishes in her lifetime. Consequently, she demands the king to banish Rama from the throne, and then declares that Bharta will take over, as she had desired. Since Rama becomes banished, he leaves the kingdom without question and right then and there, his journey begins. In Yeelen, Niankoro is portrayed as a young and powerful man. Nevertheless, he is still cursed by his evil father, who is able to reach out to him with help from prayers to the gods. Niankoro’s mother does not like that his father has this ability, so in order to make it more difficult for them to come into contact, she sends Niankoro to his uncle’s to escape. Niankoro’s escape from his father (which is condoned by his mother) is defined as his retreat from the world, whereas Rama’s retreat is the consequence of banishment from his father, who could not deny the desires of his stepmother. Although the reasons for each of their retreats is different, it is notable that in both, their mothers play key roles. The third part of the journey is when the hero returns, but this part of the journey, as Campbell explains, doesn’t hold very high significance. Even so, the second and third part of the journey have a tendency to go hand in hand, which is why Ramayana and Yeelen are better explained with both pieces in alignment. The third piece of the journey has a lot to do with the hero’s grapple with the place of all humans in the universe, as it is better known as the hero’s spiritual reality. In both stories, the idea of â€Å"return† correlates with the stronger morale each hero develops due to a significant event that takes place along each of their separate journeys. Rama’s spiritual reality comes about after the second part of his journey. Things become climatic when Rama’s wife, Sita, is taken in by the hands of a demon. Sita goes with Rama on his journey in the first place because she sees her accompaniment as a stepping stone to achieving her dharma. With that in mind, Rama allows Sita to come with him. When Rama faces the devastation of losing Sita, he realizes his own dharma, which is to his life and those that are close to him. He shows this by doing everything in his power to save his wife from the demon. Eventually, Hanumen, a monkey god, saves Sita. The fact that Sita saw her dharma as an important aspect of life strongly influences the way Rama begins to see his own. Although he was banished, Rama’s absence from the kingdom helps him find his moral strength, especially when he has Sita by his side. This incident shows Rama that his power is influenced by his response to the things happening around him, as well as how he treats those he values. In Yeelen, there is stress put upon corruption in relation to power, which is blatantly stressed in the second part of Niankoro’s journey. In this portion of the story, Nianankoro goes through a series of trials and tribulations. In doing so, he comes to the aid of many; for instance, he uses his special powers to help a tribe in need of defense from warriors, and he even cures the king’s youngest wife of infertility. At the same time, he faces internal struggles, with the most conspicuous one being the affair he has with the king’s wife. However, a light shines through this unethical act; with the internal knowledge Niankoro builds from it, he ultimately finds his morals and thus, he becomes remorseful of his actions. Mainly, the story shows Nianankoro’s relentless struggle to witness (and take part in) a corrupt society, which results in knowledge for everyone, even himself. It is clear that both Ramayana and Yeelen fully support Campbell’s theory, and with that, they show that each piece of the journey is fundamental to the understanding of the final outcome of the hero. Both myths explain the major theme of spiritual reality, and how each hero realizes that their priority is their morale. The importance of morals and values is not only demonstrated in these two myths, but these two in particular elaborately display the truth behind Campbell’s ideas. To conclude, Campbell’s description of the myth focuses on the three part journey, but leaves readers to dig in and find their own understanding of where the journey leads. Surprisingly enough, a myth is like a map of a hero, and the journey usually ends at a door of internal inquisition. Is that a coincidence? Perhaps yet another journey is necessary to find the answer.

Hobbes and Locke essays

Hobbes and Locke essays Thomas Hobbes was interested in why people allowed themselves to be ruled and what would be the best form of government for England. In 1651, Hobbes wrote his most famous work, the Leviathan. In it, he argued that people were naturally evil and could not be trusted to govern. The constant state of war is what Hobbes believed to be mans original state of nature. According to Hobbes, man should not be trusted in the state of nature and limits must be put on freedom and inalienable rights. Hobbes lived in the 17th century, and wrote during the English Civil War, therefore; his political views were most likely influenced by the war. Hobbes thought that by bringing back the monarch, or any other sovereign, there would be an end to the civil war and it is necessary to peace and depending on sovereign power (415 Leviathan). Men are in competition for honor and dignity, according to Hobbes. Envy and hatred arise, eventually causing war. With this view that only selfish interests motivate hu mans, Hobbes argues that people are better off living in a world where the government has control over all the people and their actions. Hobbes believed that an absolute monarchy-a government that gave power to a king or queen was the best type of government. He interpreted government to be a single governing body, made up of the power of the masses. Hobbes wrote that if there was no power to keep people in fear, they would continually fight against each other. Hobbes believed that the need for government is to protect us from our other fellow citizens. For this reason, the power of the sovereign must be supreme. He also felt that nations, like people were selfishly motivated which would result in war. In conclusion, through moral acts of giving up ones rights, one can hope to end the state of natural war between people, and reach a state of peace where defending oneself isnt a constant struggle. Hobbes percepti ...

The Diet of Worms 1521, Luther and the Emperor

The Diet of Worms 1521, Luther and the Emperor When Martin Luther fell into disagreement with the Catholic hierarchy in 1517, he wasn’t simply arrested and carted to a stake (as some views of the medieval period might make you believe). There was plenty of theological discussion which soon turned into temporal, political and cultural considerations. One key part of this disagreement, which would become the Reformation and see the western church permanently split, came at the Diet of Worms in 1521. Here, an argument over theology (which still could have resulted in someone’s death), was fully turned into a secular conflict over laws, rights and political power, a vast pan-European milestone in how government and society worked, as well as how the church prayed and worshipped. What’s a Diet? Diet is a Latin term, and you might be more familiar with a different language: Reichstag. The Diet of the Holy Roman Empire was a legislature, a proto-parliament, which had limited powers but which met frequently and did affect law in the empire. When we refer to the Diet of Worms, we don’t mean a Diet that met uniquely in the city of Worms in 1521, but a system of government which was established and which, in 1521, turned its eye to the conflict Luther had begun. Luther Lights the Fire In 1517 many people were unhappy with the way the Latin Christian Church was run in Europe, and one of those was a lecturer and theologian called Martin Luther. Whereas other opponents of the church had made grand claims and rebellions, in 1517 Luther drew up a list of points for discussion, his 95 Theses, and sent them to friends and key figures. Luther wasn’t trying to break the church or start a war, which was what would happen. He was reacting to Dominican friar called Johann Tetzel selling indulgences, meaning someone could pay to have their sins forgiven. The key figures Luther sent his theses too included the Archbishop of Mainz, who Luther asked to stop Tetzel. He might also have nailed them up in public.Luther wanted an academic discussion and he wanted Tetzel stopped. What he got was a revolution. The theses proved popular enough for them to be spread around Germany and beyond by interested and / or angered thinkers, some of whom supported Luther and convinced him to write more in support of them. Some were unhappy, like Archbishop Albert of Mainz, who asked if the papacy would decide if Luther was in the wrong†¦The war of words began, and Luther battled by developing his ideas into a brave new theology at odds with the past, what would be Protestantism. Luther is Defended by Secular Power By mid 1518 the Papacy had summoned Luther to Rome to question him, and probably punish him, and this is where things began to get complex. Elector Frederick III of Saxony, a man who helped choose the Holy Roman Emperor and a figure of great power, felt he had to defend Luther, not because of any agreement with the theology, but because he was a prince, Luther was his subject, and the Pope was claiming clashing powers. Frederick arranged for Luther to avoid Rome, and instead go to the Diet meeting in Augsburg. The papacy, not normally one to concede to secular figures, needed Frederick’s support in picking the next emperor and in helping a military expedition against the Ottomans, and agreed. At Augsburg, Luther was interrogated by Cardinal Cajetan, a Dominican and a clever and well-read supporter of the church.   Luther and Cajetan argued, and after three days Cajetan issued an ultimatum; Luther returned quickly to his home of Wittenberg, because Cajetan had been sent by th e Pope with orders to arrest the trouble maker if necessary. The Papacy weren’t giving an inch, and in November 1518 issued a bull clarifying the rules on indulgences and saying Luther was wrong. Luther agreed to stop it. Luther is Pulled Back The debate was about far more than Luther now, and theologians carried on his arguments, until Luther just had to return and he ended up taking part in a public debate in June 1519 with Andreas Carlstadt against Johann Eck. Driven by Eck’s conclusions, and after several committees analysing Luther’s writings, the Papacy decided to declare Luther heretical and excommunicate him over 41 sentences. Luther has sixty days to recant; instead he wrote more and burned the bull.Normally the secular authorities would arrest and execute Luther. But the timing was perfect for something else to happen, as the new Emperor, Charles V, had pledged all his subjects should have proper legal hearings, while the papal documents were far from ordered and water tight, including blaming Luther for someone else’s writing. As such, it was proposed Luther should appear before the Diet of Works. The Papal representatives were aghast at this challenge to their power, Charles V tended to agr ee, but the situation in Germany meant Charles dare not upset the men of the Diet, who were adamant they should play their role, or the peasants. Luther was saved from immediate death by a struggle over secular power, and Luther was asked to appear in 1521. The Diet of Worms 1521 Luther made his first appearance on April 17th 1521. Having been asked to accept that the books he’d been accused of writing were his (which he did so), he was asked to reject their conclusions. He asked for time to think, and the next day conceded only that his writing might have used wrong words, saying that the subject and the conclusions were genuine and he stuck by them. Luther now discussed the situation with Frederick, and with a man working for the Emperor, but no one could make him recant over even one of the 41 statements the Papacy condemned him for.Luther left on April 26th, with the Diet still afraid condemning Luther would cause a rebellion. However, Charles signed an edict against Luther when he had gathered some support from those who remained, declared Luther and his supporters illegal, and ordered the writings burned. But Charles had calculated wrongly. The leaders of the empire who hadn’t been at the Diet, or who had already left, argued the edict did n’t have their support. Luther is Kidnapped. Sort of. As Luther fled back home, he was fake-kidnapped. He was actually taken to safety by troops working for Frederick, and he hid in Wartburg Castle for many months converting the New Testament into German. When he came out of hiding it was into a Germany where the Edict of Worms had failed, where many secular rulers acknowledged the support of Luther and his descendants were too strong to crush. Consequences of the Diet of Worms The Diet and the Edict had transformed the crisis from a theological, religious dispute into a political, legal and cultural one. Now it was princes and lords arguing over their rights as much as the finer points of church law. Luther would need to argue for many more years, his followers would divide the continent, and Charles V would retire exhausted by the world, but Worms ensured that the conflict was multi-dimensional, vastly harder to solve.   Luther was a hero to everyone who opposed the emperor, religious or not. Soon after Worms, the peasants would rebel in the German Peasant’s War, the conflict the princes had been keen to avoid, and these rebels would see Luther as a champion, on their side. Germany itself would divide into Lutheran and Catholic provinces, and later in the history of the Reformation Germany would be torn apart by the multi-faceted Thirty Years War, where secular issues would be no less important in complicating what was happening. In one sense Wor ms was a failure, as the Edict failed to stop the church dividing, in others it was a great success that has been said to have led to the modern world.

Interview with an entrepreneur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Interview with an entrepreneur - Essay Example Confidence is always thought to be exuded by an entrepreneur in the face of high risks, uncertainty, and opportunities as well (Palich & Bagby, 1995, pp.425-438). Entrepreneur ends up assuming certain risks associated with failure or loss and creates a new business venture while at the same time insures other ventures by guaranteeing them specific returns (Sternberg & Wennekers, 2005, pp.193-203). Intrinsic personality traits have formed what might be commonly referred to as the big five personality dimensions of an entrepreneur. The five factor model of personality related to an entrepreneur takes a very descriptive view of these five dimensions considered being major dispositional factors relating to the personality of an entrepreneur factors (Burns, 2008, pp.34-43). These big five dimensions that characterize an entrepreneur are the need for achievement where the person has a huge ambition of meeting certain goals in life; need for independence or autonomy and by these the person creates a future for him or her; locus of control, which is normally internal in nature; risk taking where the entrepreneur is able to weigh risk magnitude against the potential returns based on opportunity and takes the latter; and self-efficacy in which he or she holds a high personal opinion and is not discouraged by rejection (Palich & Bagby, 1995, pp.425-438). Indeed, a set of personal attributes, principles, and beliefs influence the behaviour portrayed by the person and in turn lead him or her into creating and managing personal businesses (Sternberg & Wennekers, 2005, pp.193-203). These issues act as motivators for taking such a venture in their lives. The societal factors have also been viewed as having some influence on the choices made by an entrepreneur. The availability of opportunity in a certain setting could still be an important trigger for starting up a business venture (Shane, et al., 2003, pp.257–279). However, the entrepreneur is thought to have certain u nique opportunity identification and analytical skills that not all people have them. Thus, they are able to see opportunities in places where others consider as ‘deserts’. Trigger factors for entrepreneurial ventures have been pointed out by GEM as being opportunity and necessity (Ardichvili, et al., 2003, pp.105-123). Other scholars have had to use different approaches in describing what pushes one to become an entrepreneur. The rationale for having this interview with an entrepreneur, Mr Fahad Al-Hanaki the owner of Leham Company, is to establish the dimensions that result into creation and management of a business venture. This will be done by asking questions which are pertinent and related to how he feels about the business, the challenges experienced, and how he has managed to overcome them, and what he thinks is the future of his business. The extent of success the company owned by this interviewee is also another factor that influenced choosing him for this stu dy. 2.0 Evaluation of your entrepreneur Fahad was asked what the company is and the business it does. He outlined that Leham Company is for trading industry and also takes part in contracting. It is based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It deals in many things